Identification of Morphological Appearance of Fine Seed Herbs Using Stereoscope (Report I) - Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen

Chang-Yoon Ji; Tae-Ju Kim; Seung-Ho Lee; Young-Sik Kim; Guem-San Lee; Jung-Hoon Kim; Goya Choi; Young-Sung Ju; Ji, Chang-Yoon; Kim, Tae-Ju; Lee, Seung-Ho; Kim, Young-Sik; Lee, Guem-San; Kim, Jung-Hoon; Choi, Goya; Ju, Young-Sung

doi:10.13048/jkm.13008

JKM > Volume 34(3); 2013 > Article

Ji, Kim, Lee, Kim, Lee, Kim, Choi, and Ju: Identification of Morphological Appearance of Fine Seed Herbs Using Stereoscope (Report I) - Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen

Original Article

Journal of Korean Medicine 2013; 34(3): 1-12.

Published online: September 30, 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.13008

Identification of Morphological Appearance of Fine Seed Herbs Using Stereoscope (Report I) - Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen

Chang-Yoon Ji¹, Tae-Ju Kim¹, Seung-Ho Lee¹, Young-Sik Kim², Guem-San Lee³, Jung-Hoon Kim⁴, Goya Choi⁴, Young-Sung Ju¹

¹Department of Herbology, Woosuk University

²Korea Institute of Science and Technology for Eastern Medicine, Wonkwang University

³Department of Herbology, Wonkwang University

⁴Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Correspondence to: 이금산 (Guem-San Lee), 전북 익산시 신용동 원광대 한의대 본초학교실, Tel : +82-63-850-6985, E-mail : rasfin@wku.ac.kr

Received February 13, 2013 Revised September 06, 2013 Accepted September 06, 2013

Abstract

Objectives:

This was study about identifying fine seed herbs that are highly mixed together: Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen.

Methods:

In non-distinctive herbs through sensory test, we can find accurate discriminative points by using a stereoscope. As a result, a new discriminative key was completed.

Results:

We identified a comparison of herbs which are mixed up in distribution.

In the case of Celosiae Semen and Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen which is mixed up is bigger and more glossy and especially have the sunk umbilicus.
In the case of Cuscutae Semen and Perillae Semen, Perillae Semen is discriminated by characteristic morado netting surface and impression of fruit stalk in the single-ended.
In the case of Cuscutae Semen which is distributed in three species, we discriminated by beak shape, location of umbilicus and vomiting thread shape or not when put in water.
- ⓵ Cuscuta chinensis has a weak beaky shape, an umbilicus in center and is vomiting thread shape when put in water.
- ⓶ C. australis has very weak beaky shape, an umbilicus beneath and is vomiting thread shape when put in water.
- ⓷ C. japonica has clear beaky shape, an umbilicus beneath and is not vomiting thread shape when put in water.

Conclusions:

A stereoscope can be effectively used for identifying fine seed herbs hardly distinguishable by sensory tests.

Keywords: Stereoscope, discriminative point, Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen

Fig. 1.

Celosia argentea

Fig. 2.

Celosia cristata

Fig. 3-1.

Cuscuta chinensis

Fig. 3-2.

Cuscuta australis

Fig. 3-3.

Cuscuta japonica

Fig. 4.

Perilla frutescens

Fig. 5-1.

The Semen of Celosia argentea

1) The upper part of umbilicus

Fig. 5-2.

Remained Style

Fig. 6-1.

The Semen of Celosia cristata

1) Sinked umbilicus

Fig. 6-2.

Remained Style

Fig. 6-3.

Left: C. argentea

Right: C. cristata

Fig. 6-4.

Left: C. argentea

Right: C. cristata

Fig. 7-1-⓵.

The Semen of Custcuta chinensis

Fig. 7-1-⓶.

Umbilicus in center

Fig. 7-1-⓷.

Vomiting thread shape

Fig. 7-2-⓵.

The Semen of Cuscuta australis

Fig. 7-2-⓶.

Umbilicus beneath

Fig. 7-3-⓵.

Left:C. australis

Right:C. japonica

Fig. 7-3-⓶.

The Semen of Cuscuta japonica

Fig. 7-3-⓷.

Umbilicus beneath

Fig. 8-1.

The Semen of Perilla frutescens

Fig. 8-2.

Morado netting surface

Fig. 8-3.

Fruit stalk in the single-ended

Table 1.

List of Samples

Herb	Herbal region of original plant	Official compendium
Celosiae Semen	Semen of Celosia argentea L.	KHP, CP
Celosiae Cristatae Semen	Semen of Celosia cristata L.	CP
Cuscutae Semen	Semen of Cuscuta chinensis L_AM.^{KHP, CP)} or related species in the same genus^KHP)	KHP, CP
Perillae Semen	Semen of Perilla frutescens (L.) B_RITT.	CP

Table 2.

The herbological effective difference of Sample

	Celosia argentea	Celosia cristata	Cuscuta chinensis	Perilla frutescens

Properties and flavors of drugs	Little Cold^17,26,27,38) Cool^7,31) Bitter^{7,17,26,27,31,38)}	Cool • Sweet^7,17)	Warm^27,31,38) Pungent^{7,11,17,26,27,31)} Sweet^{7,11,17,26,27,31,38)}	Warm • Pungent^{7,11,17,26,27,31,38)}

Meridian tropism	Liver^7,17,27,31)	Liver^7,17) Large intestine¹⁷⁾	Liver • Kidney^7,17,27,31) Spleen^17,27,31)	Lung^7,17,27,31) Large intestine^7,17)

Effect	Dispelling wind and heat^{7,17,24,27,31)} Purge the liver of fire^{7,17,24,26,27,31,38)} Remove nebula to improve vision^{17,24,26,27,31,38)}	Dispel heat from blood to stop bleeding^7,17) Clear the liver of heat to improve eyesight^17,24)	Strengthen liver Kidney • improve essence and blood^{7,11,17,24,26,27,31,38)} Improve eyesight^{7,11,24,26,27, 31,38)} Arrest diarrhea^{17,24,27,31,38)} Consolidate Ki, calm the fetus^{11,17,24,31,38)}	Descending Ki, eliminating phlegm^{7,11,17,24, 26,27,38)} Antiasthmatics^{7,17,24,26,27,31,38)} Relaxing the bowels^{7,17,24,26,27,31,38)}

Chief virtue	Liver fever bloodshot eyes^17,27,31) Cataract and nebula^7,27) Dizziness due to liver-fire^27,31) hypertension • epistaxis • s kin itching syndrome • scabies^7,17,27)	red-white dysentery • metrorrhagia^{7, 17)} stranguria with turbid discharge⁷⁾ redness, swelling and pain of the eyes¹⁷⁾	aching of lumbar, knee²⁷⁾ seminal emission • diabetics^27,31) diarrhea due to hypofunction of the spleen²⁷⁾	adverseness of Ki due to accumulation of phlegm^27,31)cough with dyspnea^27,31) Constipation^7,27,31)

Classific ation	Antipyretics²⁷⁾	Hemostasis⁷⁾	Tonics²⁷⁾	Phlegm-transforming and antitussives and antiasthmatics²⁷⁾

Subclass ification	Drugs for reducing intense internal heat²⁷⁾	Dispel heat from blood to stop bleeding⁷⁾	Yang tonics²⁷⁾	Antitussives and antiasthmatics²⁷⁾

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