A Review on Korean Medicine and Personalized Medicine: Syndrome-based Personalized Medicine on the Basis of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment

Jae Min Han; Woong Mo Yang; Han, Jae Min; Yang, Woong Mo

doi:10.13048/jkm.14029

JKM > Volume 35(3); 2014 > Article

Han and Yang: A Review on Korean Medicine and Personalized Medicine: Syndrome-based Personalized Medicine on the Basis of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment

Original Article

Journal of Korean Medicine 2014; 35(3): 40-48.

Published online: September 30, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.14029

A Review on Korean Medicine and Personalized Medicine: Syndrome-based Personalized Medicine on the Basis of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment

Jae Min Han, Woong Mo Yang

Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University

Correspondence to: 양웅모 (Woong Mo Yang), 서울시 동대문구 회기동 1번지 경희대학교 한의과대학, Tel: +82-2-961-2209, Fax: +82-2-961-2209, E-mail: wmyang@khu.ac.kr

Received May 19, 2014 Revised July 16, 2014 Accepted July 16, 2014

Abstract

Objectives:

This study aimed to review the characteristics of personalized medicine and Korean medicine, and the correlation between personalized medicine and Korean medicine.

Methods:

We investigated various studies in PubMed, Scopus and domestic Korean medicine journals. In addition, we discussed the topic based on literature.

Results:

Western medicine developed as evidence-based medicine. However, its limitations are being reached, so a new paradigm of medicine is needed. As a result, personalized medicine has appeared. Recently, through the development of human genomics, personalized medicine has been researched on the basis of individual genetic characteristics. Korean medicine has developed with a unique holistic approach and treats not the disease itself but the patient’s body. Its characteristic is well expressed through syndrome differentiation and treatment. Syndrome differentiation represents the nature of person-centered medicine and becomes the root of personalized medicine.

Conclusions:

Compared with genome-based personalized medicine of Western medicine, Korean medicine could be classified as syndrome-based personalized medicine. It would be great to apply this characteristic to clinical practices.

Keywords: Korean medicine, personalized medicine, tailored care, syndrome differentiation and treatment, syndrome-based personalized medicine

참고문헌

1.. Ahn HS. Introduction to Evidence-based Medicine. Journal of Korean Society of Quality Assurance in Health Care. 2005; 12:2. 9–16.

2.. Lim YC. A Critical Contemplation on ‘Personalized Medicine’ of Modern Medicine. The Korean Association for Philosophy of Medicine. 2012; 13:135–162.

3.. Hong KW, Oh B. Overview of personalized medicine in the disease genomic era. BMB Rep. 2010; 43:10. 643648

4.. Lee SW, Lee KB, Kang JW, Choi JH, Oh JH. Trends in Personalized Medicine Research, Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineer. 2011; 29:4. 19–25.

5.. Zhou SF, Di YM, Chan E, Du YM, Chow VD, Xue CC, et al. Clinical Pharmacogenetics and Potential Application in Personalized Medicine. Curr Drug Metab. 2008; 9:8. 738–84.

6.. Hamburg MA, Collins FS. The path to personalized medicine. N Engl J Med. 2010; 363:4. 301–4.

7.. Ng PC, Murray SS, Levy S, Venter JC. An agenda for personalized medicine. Nature. 2009; 461:7265. 724–6.

8.. Fung EY, Smyth DJ, Howson JM, Cooper JD, Walker NM, Stevens H, et al. Analysis of 17 autoimmune disease-associated variants in type 1 diabetes identifies 6q23/TNFAIP3 as a susceptibility locus. Genes Immun. 2009; 10:2. 188–91.

9.. Dai J, Fang J, Sun S, Chen Q, Cao H, Zheng N, et al. ZHENG-Omics Application in ZHENG Classification and Treatment: Chinese Personalized Medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013:235969

10.. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. JAMA. 1992; 268:17. 2420–5.

11.. Sackett DL, Rosenberg WM, Gray JA, Haynes RB, Richardson WS. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ. 1996; 312:7023. 71–2.

12.. Rosenberg W, Donald A. Evidence based medicine: an approach to clinical problem-solving. BMJ. 1995; 310:6987. 1122–6.

13.. Tonelli MR. The philosophical limits of evidence-based medicine. Acad Med. 1998; 73:12. 1234–40.

14.. Goldman JJ, Shih TL. The limitations of evidence-based medicine--applying population-based recommendations to individual patients. Virtual Mentor. 2011; 13:1. 26–30.

15.. Jain KK. Textbook of Personalized Medicine. New York: Springer;2009. p. 1–136.

16.. Straus SE, McAlister FA. Evidence-based medicine: a commentary on common criticisms. CMAJ. 2000; Oct. 3. 163:7. 837–41.

17.. Cohen AM, Stavri PZ, Hersh WR. A categorization and analysis of the criticisms of Evidence-Based Medicine. Int J Med Inform. 2004; 73:1. 35–43.

18.. Ginsburg GS, McCarthy JJ. Personalized medicine: revolutionizing drug discovery and patient care. Trends Biotechnol. 2001; 19:12. 491–6.

19.. Ray O. The revolutionary health science of psychoendoneuroimmunology: a new paradigm for understanding health and treating illness. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004; 1032:35–51.

20.. Yan Q. Toward the integration of personalized and systems medicine: challenges, opportunities and approaches. Personalized Medicine. 2011; 8:1. 1–4.

21.. Frueh FW, Amur S, Mummaneni P, Epstein RS, Aubert RE, DeLuca TM, et al. Pharmacogenomic biomarker information in drug labels approved by the United States food and drug administration: prevalence of related drug use. Pharmacotherapy. 2008; 28:8. 992–8.

22.. Novelli G. Personalized genomic medicine. Intern Emerg Med. 2010; 5:1. 81–90.

23.. Lee SW, Lee KB, Kang JW, Choi JH, Oh JH. Trends in Personalized Medicine Research, Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineer. 2011; 29:4. 19–25.

24.. Emilien G, Ponchon M, Caldas C, Isacson O, Maloteaux JM. Impact of genomics on drug discovery and clinical medicine. QJM. 2000; 93:7. 391–423.

25.. Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature. 2007; 447:7145. 661–78.

26.. Gispen WH, Adan RAH. Preface. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000; 410:2–3. 105

27.. Shin JG, Cha IJ. Pharmacogenetics: A Principle for the Personalized Pharmacotherapy. Inje Medical Journal. 2002; 23:2. 71–83.

28.. Yan Q. Pharmacogenomics in Drug Discovery and Development : From Bench to Bedside. Clifton:Methods Mol Biol. 2008; 448:5–7.

29.. Zhang A, Sun H, Wang P, Han Y, Wang X. Future perspectives of personalized medicine in traditional Chinese medicine: a systems biology approach. Complement Ther Med. 2012; 20:1–2. 93–9.

30.. Wang X, Sun H, Zhang A, Sun W, Wang P, Wang Z. Potential role of metabolomics apporoaches in the area of traditional Chinese medicine: as pillars of the bridge between Chinese and Western medicine. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2011; 55:5. 859–68.

31.. Kim WH. Hanuihak Wonron. Seoul: Seongbosa;2001. p. 32–34.

32.. Lesko LJ. Personalized medicine: elusive dream or imminent reality? Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007; 81:6. 807–16.

33.. Schleidgen S, Klingler C, Bertram T, Rogowski WH, Marckmann G. What is personalized medicine: sharpening a vague term based on a systematic literature review. BMC Med Ethics. 2013; 14:55

34.. Franzel B, Schwiegershausen M, Heusser P, Berger B. Individualised medicine from the perspectives of patients using complementary therapies: a meta-ethnography approach. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013; 13:124