Review of International Programs of Chinese Medicine University in China

Lyu YeeRan; Lee Ji-Young; Son Chang-Gue; YeeRan, Lyu; Ji-Young, Lee; Chang-Gue, Son

doi:10.13048/jkm.14036

JKM > Volume 35(3); 2014 > Article

YeeRan, Ji-Young, and Chang-Gue: Review of International Programs of Chinese Medicine University in China

Original Article

Journal of Korean Medicine 2014; 35(3): 125-134.

Published online: September 30, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.14036

Review of International Programs of Chinese Medicine University in China

Lyu YeeRan¹, Lee Ji-Young¹, Son Chang-Gue^{, 2}

¹College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University

²Liver and Immunology Research Center of Daejeon University Oriental Hospital

Correspondence to: 손창규 (Son, Chang-Gue), 대전대학교 부속한방병원 간장면역학교실, 301-724 대전시 중구 대흥동 22-5번지, Tel: +82-42-229-6807, Fax: +82-42-254-3403, E-mail: ckson@dju.ac.kr

Received August 09, 2014 Revised September 16, 2014 Accepted September 16, 2014

Abstract

Objectives:

This study aimed to survey and report on the international programs for Chinese Medicine in China.

Methods:

Online research was conducted based on a survey of official websites of 25 universities of Chinese medicine. In certain situations, we used e-mail or phone calls to get more detailed information.

Results:

Among 25 universities of Chinese medicine, 22 operate international programs for Chinese medicine. The main contents of the programs are acupuncture, moxibustion, tuina, Chinese materia medica, cosmetology or qigong, and an average 400 foreign students finish each program yearly. China has maintained the lead in international education of traditional Oriental medicine, and has already established a systematic and remarkable infrastructure for globalization of Chinese medicine.

Conclusions:

This study can inform the development of strategy in the process of raising the competitiveness of Korean medicine in the world market.

Keywords: Globalization of Korean medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, international programs for Chinese medicine

Fig. 1.

Student number who had joined International Program in TCM University in China

Table 1.

Overview of University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

	Name of the University	Location	Foundation year	Program open	Official Web-site
1	Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine¹⁶⁾	Nanjing	1954	1957	www.njutcm.edu.cn
2	Beijing University of Chinese Medicine¹⁷⁾	Beijing	1956	1958	www.bucm.edu.cn
3	Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine¹⁸⁾	Shanghai	1956	1975	www.shutcm.com
4	Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine¹⁹⁾	Guangzhou	1956	1970	www.gzhtcm.edu.cn
5	Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine²⁰⁾	Chengdu	1956	1993	www.cdutcm.edu.cn
6	Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine²¹⁾	Nanning	1956	1980	www.gxtcmu.edu.cn
7	Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine²²⁾	Jinan	1958	1958	www.sdutcm.edu.cn
8	Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine²³⁾	Tianjin	1958	1992	www.tjutcm.edu.cn
9	Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine²⁴⁾	Shenyang	1958	2006	www.lnutcm.edu.cn
10	Changchun University of Chinese Medicine²⁵⁾	Changchun	1958	1992	www.ccucm.edu.cn
11	Hubei University of Chinese Medicine²⁶⁾	Wuhan	1958	1986	www.hbtcm.edu.cn
12	Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine²⁷⁾	Fuzhou	1958	1987	www.fjtcm.edu.cn
13	Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine²⁸⁾	Zhengzhou	1958	1990	www.hactcm.edu.cn
14	Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine²⁹⁾	Xian	1959	1990	www.sntcm.edu.cn
15	Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine³⁰⁾	Harbin	1959	1986	www.hljucm.net
16	Zhejiang Chinese Medical University³¹⁾	Hangzhou	1959	1987	www.zjtcm.net
17	Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine³²⁾	Nanchang	1959	1993	www.jxtcmi.com
18	Anhui University of Chinese Medicine³³⁾	Hefei	1959	1997	www.ahtcm.edu.cn
19	Hunan University of Chinese Medicine³⁴⁾	Chansha	1960	1981	www.hnctcm.edu.cn
20	Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine³⁵⁾	Kunming	1960	1970	www.ynutcm.edu.cn
21	Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine³⁶⁾	Lanzhou	1978	2005	www.gszy.edu.cn
22	Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine³⁷⁾	Taiyuan	1989	2002	www.sxtcm.com
23	Hebei Medical University of Traditional Chinese Medicine³⁸⁾	Shijiazhuang	1958	None	www.xjmu.edu.cn
24	Xinjiang Medical University of Traditional Chinese Medicine³⁹⁾	Wulumuqi	1959	None	www.xjmu.org
25	Guiyang college of Traditional Chinese Medicine⁴⁰⁾	Guiyang	1965	None	www.gyctcm.edu.cn

Table 2.

Short-term Programs in University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

	Name of University	Acupuncture/Moxibustio	Tuina	Chinese Material Medica	Cosmetology	Qigong	Clinical Course	Herbal Diet	Health Preservation	Others
1	Nanjing Univ	O	O	O		O	O			Taijiquan
2	Beijing Univ	O	O	O	O			O		Western Doctor
3	Shanghai Univ	O	O		O	O		O	O	Taijiquan
4	Guangzhou Univ	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	Orthopedics
5	Chengdu Univ						O			Western Doctor
6	Guangxi Univ	O	O	O	O		O		O	Orthopedics
7	Shandong Univ	O	O	O		O			O	Western Doctor Taijiquan
8	Tianjin Univ	O	O	O	O		O	O		Orthopedics
9	Liaoning Univ	O			O		O	O		Taijiquan
10	Changchun Univ.	O	O	O
11	Hubei Univ.	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
12	Fujian Univ.	O			O	O				Taijiquan
13	Henan Univ.	O	O			O		O	O
14	Shaanxi Univ.	O	O	O			O			Orthopedics
15	Heilongjiang Univ.					O
16	Zhejiang Univ.	O		O	O				O	Diagnosis
17	Jiangxi Univ.	O	O	O		O			O	Taijiquan
18	Anhui Univ.	O	O	O					O
19	Hunan Univ.	O	O
20	Yunnan Univ.	O	O	O		O	O
21	Gansu Univ.	O	O	O
22	Shanxi Univ.	O	O		O			O

Total 22 Univ.		20	17	15	10	10	9	8	8

Table 3.

Contents of Short-term Programs in 4 Major Universities of TCM

Contents	Beijing Univ. of CM	Guangzhou Univ. of CM	Shanghai Univ. of TCM	Nanjing Univ. of CM
Acupuncture & Moxibustion	Brief Introduction to Chinese Culture Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Diagnosis, Meridians and Acupoints, Acupuncture and Moxibustion Techniques, Acupuncture Therapeutics, Tuina, clinical practice.	Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, Meridians and Collaterals, Acupoints, Techniques of Needling and Moxibustion, Acupuncture Therapeutics, Clinical Practice in Acupuncture.	Theory of yin, yang, five elements, qi, blood, body fluids, zang-fu organs, and etiology & pathogenesis, Tongue diagnosis, Pulse diagnosis, Syndrome differentiation according to the eight principles, qi, blood and zang-fu organs, Running courses of meridians, Locations and indications of points, Needling technique, Treatment principle, Pattern identification and formula for common conditions.	Basic TCM theory, Basic acupuncture theory, Diagnosis and treatment of 25 common diseases according to TCM syndrome differentiation, as listed by the World Health Organization (WHO), e.g, windstroke, headache, somachache.
Duration	1 week-5 months	1 week -5 months	3 months	320 hours, including 130 hours clinical practice
Language	English, Korean, Japanese	English, Chinese, Korean, Japanese	English, French, Japanese, Korean	English

Chinese Material Medica	Basic Theories of Chinese Materia Medica Clinical Application of Chinese Herbs Pharmacology of Chinese Materia medica Processing Skills of Chinese Herb Identification of Medicinal Herbs, etc.	Basic Theory of Chinese Materia Medica, Clinical Application of Chinese Materia Medica, Pharmacology of Chinese Medicine, Processing Methods of Chinese Materia Medica, Identification and Authentification of Chinese Medicinal Herbs		Elementary TCM theory, Basic Chinese pharmacology and prescriptions and through clinical observation, A grasp of diagnostic and therapeutic principles, An application of common Chinese herbal prescriptions and some patent TCM medicines according to TCM theory
Duration	1 week - 5 months	1 week -5 months		320 hours, including 140 hours practical experiences
Language	English, Korean, Japanese	English, Chinese, Korean, Japanese		English

Tuina	Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine, Tuina Massage, Manual Techniques clinical practice.	Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, Theory and Manual Techniques of Tuina Massage, Clinical practice.	Essential theory of traditional Chinese medicine, Overview of Tuina, Basic tuina manipulation and tuina therapy for common conditions.	Preliminary knowledge of TCM and Tuina, Skills in practical Tuina techniques, Syndrome differentiation of common diseases such as shoulder arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other conditions that respond well to Tuina therapy
Duration	1–4 weeks	1–4 weeks	2 weeks	240 hours, including 120 hours of practice
Language	English, Korean, Japanese	English, Chinese, Korean, Japanese	English	English

Cosmetology	Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine, Western Dermatology, Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Cosmetology and Weight Loss Theory and techniques.	Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, Basic Theory of Dermatology of Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Theory and Manual Techniques of Cosmetology and Reducing Weight by Chinese Medicine.	Essential theory of traditional Chinese medicine, TCM cosmetology and cosmetic manipulation
Duration	1–2 weeks	1–2 weeks	1 week
Language	English, Korean, Japanese	English, Chinese, Korean, Japanese	English, French, Korean, Japanese

참고문헌

1.. Lee HK. Government · National Assembly · The Association of Korean Medicine, Globalization of Korean Medicine ‘with One Voice’. 2014. Available at: URL: http://www.dailypharm.com/Users/News/NewsView.html?ID=182491&keyWord=%B1%E8%BF%EB%C0%CD. Accessed June 20, 2014

2.. Ministry of Health & Welfare. the 2nd Development of traditional Korean medicine industry-2011∼2015-. Division of Traditional Korean Medicine Policy. 2011. 24

3.. Song SH, Choi J. A Study on the Trend of World Traditional Medicine and Key Area of Traditional Korean Medicine R&D. Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine. 2010; 16:1. 101–109.

4.. Ministry of Health & Welfare. the 1st Development of traditional Korean medicine industry -2006∼2010-. Division of Traditional Korean Medicine Policy. 2006; 1–4.

5.. Lee JH. Launching of President Park’s Government and Direction of Government Projects: Choi SH Korean Medicine Policy Volume 1 Number 1. Daejeon: Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine;2013. p. 10–16.

6.. Kwon YK. Policy Status and Direction of Overseas Expansion of Korean Medicine: Choi SH Korean Medicine Policy Volume 1 Number 2. Daejeon: Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine;2013. p. 16–25.

7.. Expectation of Globalization of Traditional Korean Medicine. 2014. Available at: URL: http://www.cctoday.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=825109. Accessed June 23, 2014

8.. Kang HW. Traditional Korean Medicine Policy Direction according to Policy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2012. Available at: URL: http://www.akomnews.com/subpage/detail.php?code=A001&page=%2Findex.php&uid=77616. Accessed June 23, 2014

9.. Lee HJ. Policy Direction and Performance of Overseas Expansion of Chinese Medicine: Choi SH Koran Medicine Policy. 1:2. Daejeon: Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine;2013. p. 26–35.

10.. Zhao XL. An Investigation on International Education of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese medicine. 2007; 25:7. 1372–1373.

11.. Wu YL. Currents of Tradition in Chinese Medicine, 1626-2006(review). Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 2009; 83:1. 200

12.. Hsu E. The History of Chinese Medicine in the People’s Republic of China and its Globalization. East Asian Science, Technology and Society. 2008; 2:4. 465–484.

13.. Kim T. Chinese Medicine in Early Communist China 1945–1963: A Medicine of Revolution. 1st edition. Routledge;2005. p. 1–236.

14.. University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://baike.baidu.com/view/2964263.htm, Accessed June 19, 2014

15.. Higher Educational Institute of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E5%8C%BB%E8%8D%AF%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E9%99%A2%E6%A0%A1. Accessed June 19, 2014

16.. Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.njutcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

17.. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.bucm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

18.. Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.shutcm.com. Accessed June 19, 2014

19.. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.gzhtcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

20.. Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.cdutcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

21.. Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.gxtcmu.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

22.. Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.sdutcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

23.. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.tjutcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

24.. Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.lnutcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

25.. Changchun University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.ccucm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

26.. Hubei University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.hbtcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

27.. Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.fjtcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

28.. Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.hactcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

29.. Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.sntcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 19, 2014

30.. Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.hljucm.net. Accessed June 20, 2014

31.. Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Available at: URL: http://www.zjtcm.net. Accessed June 19, 2014

32.. Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.jxtcmi.com. Accessed June 20, 2014

33.. Anhui University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.ahtcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 20, 2014

34.. Hunan University of Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.hnctcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 20, 2014

35.. Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.ynutcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 20, 2014

36.. Guiyang college of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.gyctcm.edu.cn. Accessed June 20, 2014

37.. Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.gszy.edu.cn. Accessed June 20, 2014

38.. Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.sxtcm.com. Accessed June 20, 2014

39.. Hebei Medical University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Available at: URL: http://www.xjmu.edu.cn. Accessed June 20, 2014

40.. Xinjiang Medical University of Traditional Chinese Medine. Available at: URL: http://www.xjmu.org. Accessed June 20, 2014

41.. Lee SJ. Globalization of Korean Medicine, Thinking of International Education: Choi SH Korean Medicine Policy. 1:1. Daejeon: Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine;2013. p. 137–147.

42.. Vickers A, Zollman C. Acupuncture. ABC of complementary medicine. 1999; 319:7215. 973–976.

43.. Fu P. Discussion on the developing situation and the strategy of internationalization of higher education of Chinese Medicine. Global Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2013; 6:2. 125–127.

44.. State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China. Available at: URL: http://www.satcm.gov.cn/1999-2011/main.htm. Accessed June 21, 2014

45.. Jiang R, Qiao JH. Consideration of Short-term Program Foreign Students of University of Chinese Medicine. Chinese Archieves of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2010; 86–88.

46.. Qiang Zu. Study on the countermeasure of international education and development in Higher Institutions of Chinese Medicine. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Management. 2009; 17:12. 123–124.

47.. Cha WS. Exceed Consolidation, Introspection of the 21 century Asian Traditional Medicine. 2013. Available at: URL: http://www.mjmedi.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=25109. Accessed June 22, 2014

48.. Park SJ. American Oriental Medicine student “Come to study Traditional Korea Medicine”. 2013. Available at: URL: http://www.akomnews.com/subpage/search_detail.php?code=A001&uid=80573&page=/subpage/search.php&nowpage=1&search_word=한의학&search_key=all&sadop_date=2013-01-07&eadop_date=2013-01-07. Accessed June 24, 2014