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JKM > Volume 38(1); 2017 > Article
Koo, Lee, and Seo: Clinical Report of Various Postpartium Symptoms
Case Report

The Journal of Korean Medicine 2017; 38(1): 112-124.

Published online: March 31, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.17010

Clinical Report of Various Postpartium Symptoms

Jin Suk Koo1, Young Jun Lee2, Bu Il Seo3, *

1Dept. of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National Univ. Andong, Republic of Korea

2,3Dept. of Korean Medicine, Daegu Hanny Univ. Daegu, Republic of Korea

Correspondence to：서부일(Bu Il Seo) 대구한의대학교 한의과대학 Tel：+82-53-819-1876, Fax：+82-53-819-1850, E-mail: seojangsan@naver.com

Received September 6, 2016       Revised February 8, 2017       Accepted February 8, 2017

Copyright © 2017 The Society of Korean Medicine all rights reserved

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to investigate the various postpartum symptoms and the relevant factors. So it can provide fundamental data about postpartum health care. In conclusion, we can prevent and manage the postpartum disease by using this data.

Methods

The subject of the present study was 94 women (63 women who completed vaginal delivery and 31 women who delivered by cesarean section) who completed labor between November 1, 2013 and January 31, 2016, at the clinic of OB&GYN. They have been taking good care of their health at postpartum clinic in Andong Woori Women Hospital. We investigated the various symptoms and situation which occurred from the moment of hospital to postnatal admission health care period, and Korean medical doctor examined the patients through the four examination methods. We classified the symptoms by maternal age, the frequency of maternal childbirth, the method of delivery, the delivery season, the term of pregnancy, the body weight of infant, the weight change of mother and the way of feeding.

Results

There were no remarkable corelation in the frequency of symptoms according to maternal age, the way of delivery, the delivery season, the change of weight before and after of delivery, gestational weeks at delivery, the manner of feeding and the body weight of infants except for the frequency of maternal childbirth.

Conclusion

The symptoms of hemorrhoids, the feeling of coldness and chilliness increased with increasing the frequency of maternal childbirth. Other circumstances, there was no relationship with symptoms of postpartum.

Keywords: postpartum symptoms, symptoms of hemorrhoids, the feeling of coldness and chilliness

Fig. 1
The distribution of postpartum symptoms on the whole 94 women
jkm-38-1-112f1.gif
Table 1
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on Maternal Age
Age under 25 years 26~30 years old 31~35 years old 36~40 years old over 41 years
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 4 50.0% 2 14.3% 16 28.1% 1 7.7% 1 50.0%
B. 6 75.0% 11 78.6% 55 96.5% 10 76.9% 2 100.0%
C. 4 50.0% 11 78.6% 33 57.9% 6 46.2% 0 0.0%
D. 5 62.5% 8 57.1% 33 57.9% 5 38.5% 0 0.0%
E. 2 25.0% 2 14.3% 17 29.8% 3 23.1% 1 50.0%
F. 3 37.5% 9 64.3% 38 66.7% 8 61.5% 2 100.0%
G. 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 14.0% 1 7.7% 0 0.0%
H. 2 25.0% 1 7.1% 14 24.6% 3 23.1% 0 0.0%
I. 4 50.0% 10 71.4% 38 66.7% 8 61.5% 2 100.0%
J. 5 62.5% 9 64.3% 34 59.6% 4 30.8% 2 100.0%
K. 1 12.5% 1 7.1% 13 22.8% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%
L. 3 37.5% 1 7.1% 16 28.1% 2 15.4% 1 50.0%
M. 1 12.5% 3 21.4% 6 10.5% 3 23.1% 0 0.0%
N. 6 75.0% 7 50.0% 33 57.9% 4 30.8% 0 0.0%
O 3 37.5% 3 21.4% 16 28.1% 3 23.1% 1 50.0%
P. 1 12.5% 3 21.4% 5 8.8% 1 7.7% 0 0.0%
Q. 1 12.5% 4 28.6% 19 33.3% 1 7.7% 0 0.0%
Table 2
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Frequency of Maternal Childbirth
Freq. of labor 1st delivery 2nd delivery 3rd delivery 4th delivery
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 12 24.0% 9 24.3% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
B. 44 88.0% 34 91.9% 5 83.3% 1 100.0%
C. 30 60.0% 19 51.4% 5 83.3% 0 0.0%
D. 26 52.0% 19 51.4% 6 100.0% 0 0.0%
E. 8 16.0% 13 35.1% 4 66.7% 0 0.0%
F. 27 54.0% 28 75.7% 4 66.7% 1 100.0%
G. 5 10.0% 2 5.4% 1 16.7% 1 100.0%
H. 14 28.0% 4 10.8% 1 16.7% 1 100.0%
I. 31 62.0% 26 70.3% 4 66.7% 1 100.0%
J. 26 52.0% 24 64.9% 3 50.0% 1 100.0%
K. 4 8.0% 8 21.6% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
L. 16 32.0% 7 18.9% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%
M. 6 12.0% 4 10.8% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
N. 26 52.0% 18 48.6% 5 83.3% 1 100.0%
O. 12 24.0% 11 29.7% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
P. 5 10.0% 3 8.1% 2 33.3% 0 0.0%
Q. 11 22.0% 11 29.7% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
Table 3
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Delivery Methods of Pregnant Women
Delivery method normal delivery cesarean delivery
Symptom freq. % freq. %
A. 14 22.2% 10 32.3%
B. 56 88.9% 28 90.3%
C. 38 60.3% 16 51.6%
D. 34 54.0% 17 54.8%
E. 20 31.7% 5 16.1%
F. 41 65.1% 19 61.3%
G. 6 9.5% 3 9.7%
H. 15 23.8% 5 16.1%
I. 42 66.7% 20 64.5%
J. 38 60.3% 16 51.6%
K. 11 17.5% 4 12.9%
L. 15 23.8% 8 25.8%
M. 10 15.9% 3 9.7%
N. 36 57.1% 14 45.2%
O. 18 28.6% 8 25.8%
P. 5 7.9% 5 16.1%
Q. 17 27.0% 8 25.8%
Table 4
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Delivery Season
Season Dec.~Feb. March~May June~Aug. Sep.~Nov.
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 9 23.7% 3 21.4% 4 40.0% 8 25.0%
B. 35 92.1% 14 100.0% 7 70.0% 28 87.5%
C. 22 57.9% 5 35.7% 5 50.0% 22 68.8%
D. 21 55.3% 6 42.9% 7 70.0% 17 53.1%
E. 11 28.9% 4 28.6% 1 10.0% 9 28.1%
F. 24 63.2% 11 78.6% 6 60.0% 19 59.4%
G. 2 5.3% 1 7.1% 1 10.0% 5 15.6%
H. 8 21.1% 1 7.1% 2 20.0% 9 28.1%
I. 27 71.1% 5 35.7% 7 70.0% 23 71.9%
J. 22 57.9% 7 50.0% 5 50.0% 20 62.5%
K. 8 21.1% 0 0.0% 1 10.0% 6 18.8%
L. 11 28.9% 4 28.6% 2 20.0% 6 18.8%
M. 5 13.2% 2 14.3% 1 10.0% 5 15.6%
N. 17 44.7% 9 64.3% 5 50.0% 19 59.4%
O. 9 23.7% 2 14.3% 2 20.0% 13 40.6%
P. 3 7.9% 1 7.1% 2 20.0% 4 12.5%
Q. 9 23.7% 1 7.1% 1 10.0% 14 43.8%
Table 5
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Changes in Maternal Body Weight
Weight change 5kg or less 6~10kg 11~15kg 16kg or more
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 3 16.7% 14 30.4% 3 15.0% 3 33.3%
B. 17 94.4% 42 91.3% 17 85.0% 7 77.8%
C. 11 61.1% 24 52.2% 14 70.0% 4 44.4%
D. 9 50.0% 26 56.5% 9 45.0% 6 66.7%
E. 4 22.2% 15 32.6% 4 20.0% 2 22.2%
F. 12 66.7% 30 65.2% 11 55.0% 6 66.7%
G. 4 22.2% 2 4.3% 3 15.0% 0 0.0%
H. 3 16.7% 9 19.6% 5 25.0% 2 22.2%
I. 12 66.7% 30 65.2% 14 70.0% 5 55.6%
J. 9 50.0% 32 69.6% 7 35.0% 5 55.6%
K. 3 16.7% 9 19.6% 2 10.0% 1 11.1%
L. 6 33.3% 10 21.7% 6 30.0% 0 0.0%
M. 1 5.6% 10 21.7% 1 5.0% 1 11.1%
N. 10 55.6% 23 50.0% 10 50.0% 6 66.7%
O. 4 22.2% 14 30.4% 7 35.0% 1 11.1%
P. 1 5.6% 8 17.4% 1 5.0% 0 0.0%
Q. 7 38.9% 12 26.1% 4 20.0% 2 22.2%
Table 6
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Maternal Childbirth Weeks
Period below 38weeks 38~39weeks 39~40 weeks over 40 weeks
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 3 21.4% 10 33.3% 5 18.5% 6 26.1%
B. 13 92.9% 28 93.3% 24 88.9% 19 82.6%
C. 9 64.3% 18 60.0% 15 55.6% 12 52.2%
D. 8 57.1% 16 53.3% 14 51.9% 13 56.5%
E. 4 28.6% 7 23.3% 6 22.2% 8 34.8%
F. 7 50.0% 20 66.7% 19 70.4% 14 60.9%
G. 2 14.3% 3 10.0% 4 14.8% 0 0.0%
H. 2 14.3% 6 20.0% 7 25.9% 5 21.7%
I. 11 78.6% 23 76.7% 16 59.3% 12 52.2%
J. 7 50.0% 19 63.3% 18 66.7% 10 43.5%
K. 2 14.3% 6 20.0% 1 3.7% 6 26.1%
L. 2 14.3% 9 30.0% 5 18.5% 7 30.4%
M. 2 14.3% 3 10.0% 5 18.5% 3 13.0%
N. 5 35.7% 17 56.7% 14 51.9% 14 60.9%
O. 4 28.6% 12 40.0% 5 18.5% 5 21.7%
P. 2 14.3% 3 10.0% 4 14.8% 1 4.3%
Q. 3 21.4% 11 36.7% 8 29.6% 3 13.0%
Table 7
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Feeding Methods
Feeding method breast feeding formular feeding mixed feeding
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 21 29.2% 0 0.0% 3 16.7%
B. 62 86.1% 4 100.0% 18 100.0%
C. 42 58.3% 2 50.0% 10 55.6%
D. 39 54.2% 2 50.0% 10 55.6%
E. 20 27.8% 1 25.0% 4 22.2%
F. 44 61.1% 4 100.0% 12 66.7%
G. 8 11.1% 0 0.0% 1 5.6%
H. 17 23.6% 0 0.0% 3 16.7%
I. 48 66.7% 1 25.0% 13 72.2%
J. 43 59.7% 2 50.0% 9 50.0%
K. 12 16.7% 0 0.0% 3 16.7%
L. 18 25.0% 0 0.0% 5 27.8%
M. 9 12.5% 0 0.0% 4 22.2%
N. 35 48.6% 3 75.0% 12 66.7%
O. 17 23.6% 1 25.0% 8 44.4%
P. 6 8.3% 1 25.0% 3 16.7%
Q. 20 27.8% 0 0.0% 5 27.8%
Table 8
The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Babies’ Body Weight
Baby weight 3kg or less 3~3.5kg 3.5~4k 4kg or more
Symptom 빈도 % 빈도 % 빈도 % 빈도 %
A. 9 34.6% 11 23.9% 4 20.0% 0 0.0%
B. 24 92.3% 41 89.1% 17 85.0% 2 100.0%
C. 15 57.7% 24 52.2% 14 70.0% 1 50.0%
D. 15 57.7% 24 52.2% 12 60.0% 0 0.0%
E. 9 34.6% 9 19.6% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%
F. 17 65.4% 31 67.4% 11 55.0% 1 50.0%
G. 2 7.7% 6 13.0% 1 5.0% 0 0.0%
H. 6 23.1% 10 21.7% 4 20.0% 0 0.0%
I. 19 73.1% 31 67.4% 12 60.0% 0 0.0%
J. 15 57.7% 24 52.2% 14 70.0% 1 50.0%
K. 4 15.4% 6 13.0% 5 25.0% 0 0.0%
L. 10 38.5% 6 13.0% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%
M. 3 11.5% 5 10.9% 5 25.0% 0 0.0%
N. 12 46.2% 26 56.5% 11 55.0% 1 50.0%
O. 5 19.2% 14 30.4% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%
P. 4 15.4% 3 6.5% 3 15.0% 0 0.0%
Q. 4 15.4% 14 30.4% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%

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