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JKM > Volume 39(2); 2018 > Article
Kwon, Kim, Kong, Jeon, Go, and Ko: A Study of Clinical Characteristics of Female Patients with Cold Hypersensitivity on Hands and Feet
Original Article

The Journal of Korean Medicine 2018; 39(2): 64-79.

Published online: June 30, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.18016

A Study of Clinical Characteristics of Female Patients with Cold Hypersensitivity on Hands and Feet

Jung-Yeon Kwon1, Young-Ji Kim1, Kyung-Hwan Kong1, Chan-Yong Jeon2, Ho-Yeon Go1, You-me Ko3

1Dep. of Korean Int. Med, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University

2Dep. of Korean Int. Med, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University

3Dep. of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyunghee University

Correspondence to: 공경환(Kyung-Hwan Kong), 충북 충주시 상방4길 63 세명대학교 충주한방병원 한방내과학교실, Tel: +82-43-841-1732, Fax: +82-43-856-1731, E-mail: kong124@hanmail.net

Correspondence to: 전찬용(Chan-Yong Jeon), 인천광역시 구월동 1200-1 가천대학교 부속 한방병원 한방내과학교실, Tel: +82-32-770-1300, Fax: +82-43-468-4021, E-mail: joncy@gachon.ac.kr

Received May 28, 2018       Revised June 19, 2018       Accepted June 19, 2018

Copyright © 2018 The Society of Korean Medicine all rights reserved

Abstract

Objectives

This study was aimed to research clinical characteristics of female patients with cold hypersensitivity on the hands and feet compared with non-cold hypersensitivity group.

Methods

134 women patients were collected from 6 Korean medicine hospitals, and divided into 2 groups(cold hypersensitivity group and non-cold hypersensitivity group). This survey was composed of 19 questions related to clinical symptoms of cold hypersensitivity.

Results

We found out the differences between 2 groups in 10 questions among 19 questions in the survey results. (Body Type, Energy, Digestibility, Skin Type, Facial Complexion, Chill, Dry Mouth and Thirst, Preference between Coolness and Warmth, Thickness of Tongue Fur, Floating and Sinking of Pulse)

Conclusions

From these results, Patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet have relative clinical characteristics as follows. They are relatively weak and lethargic. They have dry skin and look more pale. They feel chill easily and have dry mouth and thirst. They prefer warmth and have indigestion more. They had more various infirm and ill clinical characteristics compared with the other group from the view of Korean medicine.

Keywords: Korean Medicine, Oriental Medicine, Cold Hypersensitivity, Clinical Character

Table 1
Interview Questions
Questions Answers
Body Type Bulky / Thin / Average
Energy Lethargic / Normal
Voice Lethargic / Normal
Digestibility Good(Normal) / Bad
Appetite Hyperorexia / Anorexia / Average(Normal)
Stool Type Constipation / Diarrhea / Normal
Facial Complexion Pale Complexion / Reddened Complexion / Darkish Complexion / Yellow Complexion / Reddish Cheekbone / Normal
Skin Type Normal Skin / Dry Skin
Dry Mouth and Thirst Dry Mouth and Thirst / Normal
Chill Normal / Chill
Upper Body Heat Normal / Upper Body Heat
Preference between Coolness and Warmth Prefer Coolness Prefer Warmth / Not Care
Response to Temperature Dislike the Heat / Dislike the Cold / Dislike the Both / Both are fine
Tongue Body Color Pale Tongue / Red Tongue / Crimson Tongue / Purple Tongue / Normal
Thickness of Tongue Fur Thin / Thick / Little / No Fur / Normal
Moisture and Dryness of Tongue Fur Greasy and slippery / Dry / Normal
Strength of Pulse Replete Pulse / Average(Normal) / Vacuous Pulse
Floating and Sinking of Pulse Floating Pulse / Normal / Sunken Pulse
Speed of Pulse Slow Pulse / Normal / Rapid Pulse
Table 2
Physical Characteristics of Both Groups
CG NCG P-Value
Age 36.70±11.99 29.84±7.38 .000*
Height 161.14±5.20 161.41±5.87 .783*
Weight 54.01±8.65 56.45±8.78 .107*
BMI 21.07±2.67 21.64±2.92 .239*
n(%) 70 (52.24%) 64 (47.76%) 134 (100%)

Values are mean ± SD

* Statistically significant by t-test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 3
Body Type
CG NCG Total P-Value
Body Type Bulky 6 (8.6%) 9 (14.1%) 15 (11.2%) .009*
Thin 16 (22.9%) 3 (4.7%) 19 (14.2%)
Average 48 (68.6%) 52 (81.3%) 100 (74.6%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 4
Energy
CG NCG Total P-Value
Energy Lethargic 14 (20.6%) 1 (1.6%) 15 (11.5%) .002*
Normal 54 (79.4%) 62 (98.4%) 116 (88.5%)
Total 68 (100.0%) 63 (100.0%) 131 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test with Yates’ continuity correction

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 5
Voice
CG NCG Total P-Value
Voice Lethargic 7 (10.3%) 1 (1.6%) 8 (6.1%) .086*
Normal 61 (89.7%) 62 (98.4%) 123 (93.9%)
Total 68 (100.0%) 63 (100.0%) 131 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test with Yates’ continuity correction

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 6
Digestibility
CG NCG Total P-Value
Digestibility Good (Normal) 51 (75.0%) 59 (93.7%) 110 (84.0%) .008*
Bad 17 (25.0%) 4 (6.3%) 21 (16.0%)
Total 68 (100.0%) 63 (100.0%) 131 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test with Yates’ continuity correction

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 7
Appetite
CG NCG Total P-Value
Appetite Hyperorexia 8 (11.4%) 5 (7.8%) 13 (9.7%) .295*
Anorexia 1 (1.4%) 4 (6.3%) 5 (3.7%)
Average (Normal) 61 (87.1%) 55 (85.9%) 116 (86.6%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by Fisher’s exact test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 8
Stool Type
CG NCG Total P-Value
Stool Type Constipation 15 (22.4%) 12 (19.0%) 27 (20.8%) .742*
Diarrhea 6 (9.0%) 8 (12.7%) 14 (10.8%)
Normal 46 (68.7%) 43 (68.3%) 89 (68.5%)
Total 67 (100.0%) 63 (100.0%) 130 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 9
Facial Complexion
CG NCG Total P-Value
Facial Complexion Pale Complexion 15 (21.7%) 6 (9.4%) 21 (15.8%) .000*
Reddened Complexion 7 (10.1%) 0 (0.0%) 7 (5.3%)
Darkish Complexion 2 (2.9%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (1.5%)
Yellow Complexion 15 (21.7%) 8 (12.5%) 23 (17.3%)
Reddish Cheekbone 7 (10.1%) 4 (6.3%) 11 (8.3%)
Normal 23 (33.3%) 46 (71.9%) 69 (51.9%)
Total 69 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 133 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by Fisher’s exact test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 10
Skin Type
CG NCG Total P-Value
Skin Type Normal Skin 12 (17.9%) 32 (50.0%) 44 (33.6%) .000*
Dry Skin 55 (82.1%) 32 (50.0%) 87 (66.4%)
Total 67 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 131 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test with Yates’ continuity correction

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 11
Dry Mouth and Thirst
CG NCG Total P-Value
Dry Mouth and Thirst Dry Mouth and Thirst 42 (63.6%) 15 (24.6%) 57 (44.9%) .000*
Normal 24 (36.4%) 46 (75.4%) 70 (17.2%)
Total 66 (100.0%) 61 (100.0%) 127 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test with Yates’ continuity correction

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 12
Chill
CG NCG Total P-Value
Chill Normal 46 (67.6%) 58 (90.6%) 104 (78.8%) .003*
Chill 22 (32.4%) 6 (9.4%) 28 (21.2%)
Total 68 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 132 (100.0%)
Table 13
Upper Body Heat
CG NCG Total P-Value
Upper Body Heat Normal 42 (60.9%) 48 (75.0%) 90(67.7%) .120*
Upper Body Heat 27 (39.1%) 16 (25.0%) 43 (32.3%)
Total 69 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 133 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test with Yates’ continuity correction

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 14
Preference between Coolness and Warmth
CG NCG Total P-Value
Preference between Coolness and Warmth Prefer Coolness 26 (37.1%) 35 (54.7%) 61 (45.5%) .007*
Prefer Warmth 37 (52.9%) 17 (26.6%) 54 (40.3%)
Not Care 7 (10.0%) 12 (18.8%) 19 (14.2%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 15
Response to Temperature
CG NCG Total P-Value
Response to Temperature Dislike the Heat 8 (11.4%) 15 (23.4%) 23 (17.2%) .073*
Dislike the Cold 45 (64.3%) 28 (43.8%) 73 (54.5%)
Dislike the Both 12 (50.0%) 12 (18.8%) 24 (17.9%)
Both are fine 5 (7.1%) 9 (14.1%) 14 (10.4%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 16
Tongue Body Color
CG NCG Total P-Value
Tongue Body Color Pale Tongue 21 (30.0%) 10 (15.6%) 31 (23.1%) .077*
Red Tongue 7 (10.0%) 12 (18.8%) 19 (14.2%)
Crimson Tongue 1 (1.4%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.7%)
Purple Tongue 1 (1.4%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.7%)
Normal 40 (57.1%) 42 (65.6%) 82 (61.2%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by Fisher’s exact test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 17
Thickness of Tongue Fur
CG NCG Total P-Value
Thickness of Tongue Fur Thin 20 (28.6%) 17 (26.6%) 37 (27.6%) .005*
Thick 9 (12.9%) 1 (1.6%) 10 (7.5%)
Little 18 (25.7%) 8 (12.5%) 26 (19.4%)
No Fur 2 (2.9%) 6 (9.4%) 8 (6.0%)
Normal 21 (30.0%) 32 (50.0%) 53 (39.6%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by Fisher’s exact test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 18
Moisture and Dryness of Tongue Fur
CG NCG Total P-Value
Moisture and Dryness of Tongue Fur Greasy and slippery 3 (4.3%) 3 (4.7%) 6 (4.5%) .869*
Dry 9 (13.0%) 6 (9.4%) 15 (11.3%)
Normal 57 (82.6%) 55 (85.9%) 112 (84.2%)
Total 69 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 133 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by Fisher’s exact test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 19
Strength of Pulse
CG NCG Total P-Value
Strength of Pulse Replete Pulse 4 (6.2%) 3 (4.8%) 7 (5.5%) .276*
Average (Normal) 40 (51.5%) 47 (74.6%) 87 (68.0%)
Vacuous Pulse 21 (32.3%) 13 (20.6%) 34 (26.6%)
Total 65 (100.0%) 63 (100.0%) 128 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by Fisher’s exact test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 20
Floating and Sinking of Pulse
CG NCG Total P-Value
Floating and Sinking of Pulse Floating Pulse 13 (18.6%) 4 (6.3%) 17 (12.8%) .019*
Normal 31 (44.3%) 42 (66.7%) 73 (54.9%)
Sunken Pulse 26 (37.1%) 17 (27.0%) 43 (32.3%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 63 (100.0%) 133 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

Table 21
Speed of Pulse
CG NCG Total P-Value
Speed of Pulse Slow Pulse 8 (11.4%) 3 (4.7%) 11 (8.2%) .365*
Normal 55 (78.6%) 54 (84.4%) 109 (81.3%)
Rapid Pulse 7 (10.0%) 7 (10.9%) 14 (10.4%)
Total 70 (100.0%) 64 (100.0%) 134 (100.0%)

Values are number (%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test

CG: The group of patients with cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

NCG: The group of patients without cold hypersensitivity on hands and feet

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