Home | Register | Login | Inquiries | Alerts | Sitemap |  


Advanced Search
JKM > Volume 41(3); 2020 > Article
Lee, Park, Lim, and Kim: The association between sleep and weight loss among adult women with obesity administered with Gamitaeeumjowee-tang

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between sleep status and weight loss among adult women with obesity administered with Gamitaeeumjowee-tang.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 137 patients who were were administered with Gamitaeeumjowee-tang for 3 months for the purpose of weight loss. We divided subjects according to sleep duration and sleep quality. We conducted an independent t-test to compare the differences of weight loss between two groups. Also, a regression analysis was applied to determine which factors affected weight loss.

Results

There was no significant difference in weight loss between patients who sleep more than 7 hours regularly and patients who sleep less than 7 hours. There was no significant difference between good sleepers and poor sleepers. Initial body mass index and the number of visits to the clinic were the significant factors in weight loss in 2–4 weeks. Initial weight loss was the significant factor in weight loss in 10–12 weeks. There was no significant correlation of sleep duration and sleep quality in weight loss in 2–4 weeks and 10–12 weeks.

Conclusions

This study suggests that weight loss may not be affected by sleep status during Gamitaeeumjowee-tang intervention.

Table 1
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Inclusion criteria
  1. Age range of 19–59 years

  2. Obesity (Body Mass Index equal to or greater than 25)

  3. Administered “Gamitaeeumjowee-tang” for weight loss

  4. Revisited for follow up at 2~4 weeks and/or 10~14 weeks from the first visit

Exclusion criteria
  1. Heart disease (Heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, etc.), uncontrolled hypertension, past history of stroke or ischemic heart attack

  2. Glaucoma

  3. Serious neurological or psychological diseases (schizophrenia, epilepsy, alcoholics, drug addiction, anorexia, bulimia nervosa, etc.)

  4. Malignant tumor, liver failure, renal failure

  5. Pregnant women, breast feeding women, women with a pregnancy plan or disapproval of contraception

  6. Patients taking tuberculosis drugs, asthma drugs, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors(MAOIs)

  7. A present state of metabolic diseases that might affect body weight (ex. hypothyroidism, Cushing’s disease, etc.)

  8. Other chronic neurological or systemic disease

  9. Past use of medication for weight loss in last 3 months

  10. Weight loss of more than 10% of body weight in recent 6 months

  11. Have surgical treatment for weight loss during the program

  12. Have not taken minimal recommended amount(less than ¾) of Gamitaeeumjoweetang

Table 2
Baseline Characteristic of the Subjects
Characteristic Mean±SD or Number(%)(n=137) Sleep duration Sleep quality

≥ 7 hours (n=86) < 7 hours (n=51) p-value Good sleeper (n=49) Poor sleeper (n=88) p-value
Age (year) 36.03±8.53 34.28±8.83 38.12±7.53 0.011 35.65±8.70 35.74±8.52 0.955

Anthropometry
 Height (cm) 160.97±5.38 161.21±5.30 160.57±5.54 0.503 160.31±5.99 161.34±5.00 0.283
 Body weight (kg) 76.44±11.26 76.12±10.73 76.98±12.19 0.668 73.99±8.73 77.80±12.28 0.057
 Body Mass Index (BMI) 29.47±3.89 29.27±3.76 29.81±4.12 0.436 28.81±3.34 29.84±4.14 0.137
 Body Fat Mass (kg) 32.04±7.84 31.85±7.65 32.35±8.21 0.718 30.67±6.66 32.80±8.56 0.128
 Percentage of Body Fat (%) 41.47±4.61 41.41±4.78 41.53±4.34 0.855 41.10±4.85 41.67±4.48 0.489

Alcohol
 No 37 (27.0) 21 (24.4) 16 (31.4) 0.643 14 (28.6) 23 (26.1) 0.423
 ≤1 time/week 61 (44.5) 38 (44.2) 23 (45.1) 20 (40.8) 41 (46.6)
 2–3 times/week 33 (24.1) 22 (25.6) 11 (21.6) 11 (22.4) 22 (25.0)
 ≥4 times/week 6 (4.4) 5 (5.8) 1 (2.0) 4 (8.2) 2 (2.3)

Coffee
 No 16 (11.7) 12 (14.0) 4 (7.8) 0.754 6 (12.2) 10 (11.4) 0.898
 ≤1 cup/day 37 (27.0) 23 (26.7) 14 (27.5) 15 (30.6) 22 (25.0)
 2–3 cups/day 75 (54.7) 46 (53.5) 29 (56.9) 25 (51.0) 50 (56.8)
 ≥4 cups/day 9 (6.6) 5 (5.8) 4 (7.8) 3 (6.1) 6 (6.8)

Notes:

* Statistically significant (p<0.05)

Abbreviations: SD, Standard Deviation.

Table 3
Comparison of Weight Loss and Weight Loss Rate at 2–4 Weeks and 10–14 Weeks According to Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality
Sleep duration Sleep quality

≥ 7 hours < 7 hours p-value Good sleeper Poor sleeper p-value
2–4 weeks (n=120)
 Number 76 44 43 77
 Weight loss (kg) 2.80±1.46 3.21±1.28 0.127 2.97±1.20 2.94±1.52 0.911
 Weight loss rate (%) 3.70±1.97 4.19±1.60 0.170 4.02±1.52 3.80±2.01 0.526

10–12 weeks (n=58)
 Number 30 28 22 36
 Weight loss (kg) 7.24±2.84 7.99±3.02 0.332 7.65±2.98 7.57±2.93 0.924
 Weight loss rate (%) 9.86±3.99 10.49±3.59 0.531 10.48±4.14 9.97±3.60 0.627
Table 4
Multiple Linear Regression Modes for Weight Loss at 2–4 Weeks
B SE β t p-value Collinerarity
Tolerance VIF
(Constant) −0.191 1.040 −0.184 0.854
Initial BMI 0.071 0.032 0.195 2.212 0.029 0.994 1.007
Number of visits 0.786 0.260 0.266 3.018 0.003 0.994 1.007

Note: R2=.100, adjusted R2=.085, F=6.505, p=.002, Durbin-Watson=2.133

Abbreviations: B, unstandardized coefficient; SE, Standard Error; β, standardized coefficient; t, t-statistic; VIF, Variation Inflation Factor; BMI, Body Mass Index.

Table 5
Multiple Linear Regression Modes for Weight Loss at 10–12 Weeks
B SE β t p-value Collinerarity
Tolerance VIF
(Constant) 2.861 0.922 3.104 0.004
Initial weight loss 1.352 0.254 0.649 5.324 0.000 1.000 1.000

Note: R2=.421, adjusted R2=.406, F=28.342, p=.000, Durbin-Watson=2.051

Abbreviations: B, unstandardized coefficient; SE, Standard Error; β, standardized coefficient; t, t-statistic; VIF, Variation Inflation Factor.

참고문헌

1. Hill JO, Wyatt HR, Peters JC. Energy balance and obesity. Circulation. 2012; 126:1. 126–32.
crossref pmid pmc

2. Kim MK, Lee WY, Kang JH, Kang JH, Kim BT, Kim SM, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for overweight and obesity in Korea. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2014; 29:4. 405–9.
crossref pmid pmc

3. Korea Health Promotion Institute. National Nutrition Survey 2017 [Internet]. Available from: URL: http://kosis.kr/statHtml3/statHtml.do?orgId=117&tblId=DT_11702_N101&vw_cd=MT_ZTITLE&list_id=117_11702_B01&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&language=kor&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=MT_ZTITLEAccessed February 3, 2020.


4. Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Treatment guideline of obesity 2012. Seoul: Korean Society for the Study of Obesity;2012.


5. Buxton OM, Marcelli E. Short and long sleep are positively associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States. Social science & medicine. 2010; 71:5. 1027–36.
crossref pmid

6. Coughlin JW, Smith MT. Sleep, obesity, and weight loss in adults: Is there a rationale for providing sleep interventions in the treatment of obesity? Int Rev Psychiatry. 2014; 26:2. 177–88.
crossref pmid

7. Bonanno L, Metro D, Papa M, Finzi G, Maviglia A, Sottile F, et al. Assessment of sleep and obesity in adults and children: Observational study. Medicine. 2019; 98:46. e17642
crossref pmid pmc

8. Jeong KS, Lee SW, Kim Hs, Baek YH. The association between sleep duration, sleep quality and obesity according to Sasang constitution. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2017; 29:1. 40–9.
crossref

9. Nam SH, Kim SY, Lim YW, Park YB. Review on Predictors of Weight Loss in Obesity Treatment. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2018; 18:2. 115–27.
crossref

10. Kang EY, Park YB, Kim MY, Park YJ. A study on factors associated with weight loss by ‘Gamitaeeumjowee-tang’. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2017; 17:2. 68–76.
crossref

11. Mong JA, Cusmano DM. Sex differences in sleep: impact of biological sex and sex steroids. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2016; 371:168820150110.
crossref

12. Sohn SI, Kim DH, Lee MY, Cho YW. The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep and Breathing. 2012; 16:3. 803–12.
crossref pmid

13. Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea. Korea Health Statistics 2018: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. [Internet]. Available from: https://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/knhanes/sub04/sub04_03.do?classType=7Accessed December 5, 2019.


14. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989; 28:2. 193–213.
crossref pmid

15. Han KS, Lee MJ, Kim HJ. Systematic review on herbal treatment for obesity in adults. J Korean Med Rehabil. 2016; 26:4. 23–35.
crossref

16. Hur HS, Kang OS. A review study of treatments for Taeeumin obesity. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2019; 31:4. 28–40.


17. Seo NJ, Nam DW, Lee EO, Shim BS, Ahn KS, Kim SH. Clinical study of Gamitaeeumjowi-tang for obese patients. Korean J Oriental Physiology & Pathology. 2008; 22:2. 446–52.


18. Yoon NR, Yoo YJ, Kim MJ, Kim SY, Lim YW, Lim HH, Park YB. Analysis of adverse events in weight loss program in combination with ‘Gamitaeeumjowee-Tang’ and low-calorie diet. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2018; 18:1. 1–9.
crossref

19. Li JE, Song YK, Lim HH. Clinical trial of Taeeumjowui-Tang(Taiyintiaowei-tang) on obese patients - randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study-. J Oriental Rehab Med. 2010; 20:4. 197–213.


20. Filiatrault ML, Chaput JP, Drapeau V, Tremblay A. Eating behavior traits and sleep as determinants of weight loss in overweight and obese adults. Nutrition & diabetes. 2014; 4:10. e140
crossref pmid

21. Wang X, Sparks JR, Bowyer KP, Youngstedt SD. Influence of sleep restriction on weight loss outcomes associated with caloric restriction. Sleep. 2018; 41:5. zsy027
crossref

22. Thomson CA, Morrow KL, Flatt SW, Wertheim BC, Perfect MM, Ravia JJ, Sherwood NE, Karanja N, Rock CL. Relationship between sleep quality and quantity and weight loss in women participating in a weight-loss intervention trial. Obesity. 2012; 20:7. 1419–25.
crossref pmid

23. Elder CR, Gullion CM, Funk KL, DeBar LL, Lindberg NM, Stevens VJ. Impact of sleep, screen time, depression and stress on weight change in the intensive weight loss phase of the LIFE study. Int J Obes. 2012; 36:1. 86–92.
crossref

24. O’Brien EM, Fava J, Subak LL, Stone K, Hart CN, Demos K, Wing R. Sleep duration and weight loss among overweight/obese women enrolled in a behavioral weight loss program. Nutrition & diabetes. 2012; 2:9. e43
crossref pmid

25. Reed JR, Yates BC, Houfek J, Briner W, Schmid KK, Pullen CH. Motivational factors predict weight loss in rural adults. Public Health Nurs. 2016; 33:3. 232–41.
crossref pmid

26. Lee YH, Go NG, Min DL. Retrospective study about the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment on 254 patients visited obesity clinic. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2015; 15:1. 33–7.
crossref

27. Coughlin JW, Smith MT. Sleep, obesity, and weight loss in adults: Is there a rationale for providing sleep interventions in the treatment of obesity? Int Rev Psychiatry. 2014; 26:2. 177–88.
crossref pmid

28. Jeong HS. The Trend and Prospect of Healthcare Wearable Device. The Korea Health Industry Development Institute;Abailable from: URL: https://www.bioin.or.kr/InnoDS/data/upload/industry/A29D6B21-F7DB-29D8-DEE6-DDD4080F22C9.pdf


29. Song MY, Kim HJ, Lee MJ. The safety guidelines for use of Ma-huang in obesity treatment. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2006; 6:2. 17–27.


30. Song YK, Lim HH. Clinical application of Ma Huang in the obesity treatment. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2007; 7:1. 1–7.


TOOLS
PDF Links  PDF Links
Full text via DOI  Full text via DOI
PubReader  PubReader
Download Citation  Download Citation
  Print
Share:      
METRICS
3
Crossref
2,648
View
87
Download
Editorial office contact information
3F, #26-27 Gayang-dong, Gangseo-gu Seoul, 157-200 Seoul, Korea
The Society of Korean Medicine
Tel : +82-2-2658-3627   Fax : +82-2-2658-3631   E-mail : skom1953.journal@gmail.com
About |  Browse Articles |  Current Issue |  For Authors and Reviewers
Developed in M2PI