Reliability and Validity Analysis of a Standard Instrument of Diagnosis and Assessment for Spleen Qi Deficiency Pattern in Chronic Dyspepsia Patients

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J Korean Med. 2015;36(3):23-34

doi : https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.15017

Jihye Kim ¹, Juyeon Kim ², Jinsung Kim ², Keun Ho Kim ¹^,

¹KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

²Dept. of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung-Hee University

Correspondence to: 김근호(Keun Ho Kim), 대전광역시 유성구 유성대로 1672 한국한의학연구원 한의기반연구부, Tel: +82-42-868-9365, Fax: +82-42-868-9480, E-mail: rkim70@kiom.re.kr

Received 2015 June 24; Revised 2015 September 24; Accepted 2015 September 24.

Abstract

Objectives:

This study is aimed at assessing the reliability of a standard instrument of diagnosis and assessment for Spleen Qi deficiency pattern questionnaire (SQDQ) and examining the validity of the SQDQ by comparing the pattern identification scores of different groups.

Methods:

We conducted a survey of 72 participants (60 patients with chronic dyspepsia and 12 healthy subjects) using self-reported questionnaire. Participants were given written consent and this study was performed under the permission of institutional review board of Kyung-Hee university Korean medicine hospital.

Results:

The reliability and the validity of the questionnaire were inspected. Internal consistency of the SQDQ was excellent. Construct validity analyzed by exploratory factor analysis produced 4 factors, which were selected from eigenvalues that are greater than 1.0. The factor 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed ‘fatigue’, ‘meal’, ‘diagnosis’ and ‘figure’ respectively. For most of SQDQs’ items, there were significant differences observed between the Spleen Qi and the non-Spleen Qi groups. However, the ‘emaciation’, ‘tongue diagnosis’ and ‘pulse diagnosis’ showed no significant differences.

Conclusions:

The SQDQ restructured in this study may provide a fundamental questionnaire and a further study is required for a more advanced, standardized and statistically proven questionnaire.

Keywords: Spleen Qi deficiency; pattern identification; chronic dyspepsia; questionnaire

Fig. 1.

Flow chart of clinical study

Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Dyspepsia and Controls (N=72)

Table 2.

Internal Consistency of Spleen Qi Deficiency Pattern Questionnaire (N=60)

Table 3.

Rotated Component Matrix (N=60)

Table 4.

Factor Analysis Results of Spleen Qi Deficiency Pattern Questionnaire (N=60)

Table 5.

Rotated Component Matrix about 9 items (N=60)

Table 6.

Comparison of Spleen Qi Deficiency Pattern Questionnaire Scores on Controls and Chronic Dyspepsia Patients (N=72)

Table 7.

Comparison of Spleen Qi Deficiency Pattern Questionnaire Scores on Spleen Qi deficiency and non-Spleen Qi deficiency groups (N=60)

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